Howto: Setup a DNS server with bind

After looking on Ubuntu forum for an easy step-by-step howto for instaling a DNS server,
I decided the best idea would probably be to write this howto myself.... So, here it is!

Step 1: Install Ubuntu dapper, or use your WORKING installation.

Step2: Install bind 9:

Code:
sudo apt-get install bind9

Step 3: Configure the main Bind files. Usually, if you install Bind from the source code,
you will have to edit the file named.conf. However, Ubuntu provides you with a pre-configured Bind,
so we will edit another file:

Code:
sudo vi /etc/bind/named.conf.local

This is where we will insert our zones. By the way, a zone is a domain name that is referenced
in the DNS server
Insert this in the named.conf.local file:

Code:
# This is the zone definition. replace example.com with your domain name
zone "example.com" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/zones/example.com.db";
};

# This is the zone definition for reverse DNS. replace 0.168.192 with your
network address in reverse notation - e.g my network address is 192.168.0
zone "0.168.192.in-addr.arpa" {
type master;
file "/etc/bind/zones/rev.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa";
};

Ok, now, let's edit the options file:

Code:
sudo vi /etc/bind/named.conf.options

We need to modify the forwarder. This is the DNS server to which your own DNS will forward the requests he cannot process.

Code:
Forwarders {
# Replace the address below with the address of your provider's DNS server
123.123.123.123;
};

Now, let's add the zone definition files (replace example.com with your domain name:

Code:
sudo mkdir /etc/bind/zones
sudo vi /etc/bind/zones/example.com.db

The zone definition file is where we will put all the addresses / machine names that our DNS server will know. You can take the following example:

Code:
// replace example.com with your domain name. do not forget the .
//after the domain name!
// Also, replace ns1 with the name of your DNS server
example.com. IN SOA ns1.example.com. admin.example.com. (
// Do not modify the following lines!
2006081401
28800
3600
604800
38400
)

// Replace the following line as necessary:
// ns1 = DNS Server name
// mta = mail server name
// example.com = domain name
example.com. IN NS ns1.example.com.
example.com. IN MX 10 mta.example.com.

// Replace the IP address with the right IP addresses.
www IN A 192.168.0.2
mta IN A 192.168.0.3
ns1 IN A 192.168.0.1

Now, let's create the reverse DNS zone file:

Code:
sudo vi /etc/bind/zones/rev.0.168.192.in-addr.arpa

Copy and paste the following text, modify as needed:

Code:
//replace example.com with yoour domain name, ns1 with your DNS server name.
// The number before IN PTR example.com is the machine address of the DNS server.
//in my case, it's 1, as my IP address is 192.168.0.1.
@ IN SOA ns1.example.com. admin.example.com. (
2006081401;
28800;
604800;
604800;
86400
)

IN NS ns1.example.com.
1 IN PTR example.com

Ok, now you just need to restart bind:

Code:
sudo /etc/init.d/bind9 restart

We can now test the new DNS server...
Step 4: Modify the file resolv.conf with the following settings:

Code:
sudo vi /etc/resolv.conf

enter the following:

Code:
// replace example.com with your domain name, and 192.168.0.1 with the address
//of your new DNS server.
search example.com
nameserver 192.168.0.1

Now, test your DNS:

Code:
dig example.com

(http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=236093)



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